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Pilot

Digibus, Willischwandt

Digibus, Willischwandt
Location
Willischwandt, Austria
Date
From to
Length
1 km
Project details

What

This pilot, operated by Fluidtime, is testing an electric shuttle on a fixed route which has two station based stops. The shuttle follows a schedule and encounters mixed traffic on public streets along its route. The pilot is hoping on transporting a total of 60,000 passengers by the end of the trial. The shuttle is not wheelchair accessible.

Why

The first aim of this initiative is to find out how automated vehicles can be integrated into regional mobility systems (e.g. passenger information, connection with other means of transport). The second aim is to find methods for passenger interaction in driverless operations (e.g. communication with a control station).

© Fluidtime. Digibus

© Fluidtime. Digibus

Budget & Financing

The budget of the pilot is €4m.

Regulatory Framework

In order to be able to test automated or networked vehicles or their technologies whilst complying with the strictest safety regulations, the BMVIT (Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie) is following two approaches:

  • Testing on public roads with a corresponding certificate, as a possibility for testing advanced, automated vehicles/functions.
  • Testing in special test environments, in order to carry out extensive test running for research development and validation projects, to make it possible for all participants to learn together.

The legalisation of testing on public roads thus allows the targeted testing of specific scenarios (after authorisation), while test environments are equipped for multiple use. For BMVIT, the environment test is defined by a combination of simulations on non-public routes, in real-time public traffic, and through a test bench.

© Fluidtime. Digibus - route

© Fluidtime. Digibus - route

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Lexicon

7 words explained

platooning

Also known as flocking. A collection of (automated) vehicles that travel together, actively coordinated in formation. Platoons decrease the distances between vehicles using electronic, and possibly mechanical, coupling. Platooning allows many vehicles to accelerate or brake simultaneously.

urban setting

High density environment with an efficient high capacity public transport system with good capillarity and high frequencies.

suburban setting

Medium density environment with a good public transport system with radial connections to the city center, but lower capillarity and frequencies. This setting includes suburban cities.

small cities

Small, isolated city with an own public transport system and <100K inhabitants.

rural

Low-density environment, small cities and villages with poor public transport services mainly connecting the villages.

SAE level

The SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) levels define the level of vehicle autonomy, or in other words, how much human intervention is still needed for an automated vehicle to operate. Currently, five SAE levels have been defined: Level 0: Automated system issues warnings and may momentarily intervene but has no sustained vehicle control. Level 1 (hands on): Driver and automatic system share vehicle control. The driver must be ready to retake full control at any time. Level 2 (hands off): The automated system takes full control of the vehicle (accelerating, braking, and steering). The driver must monitor the driving and be prepared to intervene immediately at any time if the automated system fails to respond properly. Level 3 (eyes off): The automated system takes full control of the vehicle (accelerating, braking, and steering). The driver must monitor the driving and be prepared to intervene immediately at any time if the automated system fails to respond properly. Level 4 (mind off): As level 3, but no driver attention is ever required for safety, e.g. the driver may safely go to sleep or leave the driver's seat. Level 5 (steering wheel optional): No human intervention is required at all. An example would be a robotic taxi.

V2X

Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is the passing of information from a vehicle to any entity that may affect the vehicle, and vice versa.